When indicating that one person or thing does something and then adding that another does the same, use the word “so” or “too”. To avoid needless repetition of words from the affirmative statement, use the conjunction “and”, followed by a simple statement using so or too. The order of this statement will depend on whether so or too is used.
• When a form
of the verb be is used in the main clause, the same tense of verb be is used in
the simple statement that follows.
Affirmative
statement (be) + and + [ S + verb (be) + too]
Example: I am
happy and you are too.
Affirmative
statement (be) + and + [ so + verb (be) + S ]
Example: I am
happy and so are you.
• When a
compound verb (auxiliary +verb), for example, will go, should do, has done,
have written, must examine, etc., occurs in the main clause, the auxiliary of
the main verb is used in the simple statement, and the subject and verb must
agree.
Affirmative
statement (compound verb) + and + [ S + auxiliary only + too ]
Example: Edward
should do his homework and Bella should too.
Affirmative
statement (compound verb) + and + [ so + auxiliary only + S ]
Example: Edward
should do his homework and so does Bella.
• When any verb
except be appears without any auxiliaries in the main clause, the auxiliary do,
does, or did is used in the simple statement. The subject and verb must agree
and the tense must be the same.
Affirmative
statement (single verb except be) + and + [ S + do, does ,or did + too ]
Example: Tae
Yeon plays guitar every day and Jessica does too.
Affirmative
statement (single verb except be) + and + [ so + do, does, or did + S ]
Example: Yuri
sung “Gee” and so did Yoona.
Additional
Examples:
1. Rose likes
to fly, and her brother does too.
2. They will
leave at noon, and I will too.
3. He has an
early appointment, and so do I.
4. She has
already written her composition, and so have her friends.
5. Their plane
is arriving at nine o’clock, and so is mine.
6. I should go
grocery shopping this afternoon, and so should my neighbor.
7. We like to
swim in the pool, and they do too.
8. Our Spanish
teacher loves to travel, and so do we.
9. He has lived
in Mexico for five years, and you have too.
10. I must
write them a letter, and she must too.
Negative
Agreement
“Either” and
“neither” function in simple statements much like “so” and “too” in affirmative
sentences. However, either and neither are used to indicate negative agreement.
The same rules for auxiliaries, be and do, does, or did apply.
Negative
statement + and + [ S + negative auxiliary or be + either]
Negative
statement + and + [ neither + positive auxiliary or be + S ]
Examples:
I didn’t see
Bella this morning. Edward didn’t see Bella this morning
I didn’t see
Bella this morning and Edward didn’t either.
I didn’t see
Bella this morning and neither did Edward.
Additional examples:
1. The children
shouldn’t take that medicine, and neither should she.
2. We don’t
plan to attend the concert, and neither do they.
3. I don’t like
tennis, and he doesn’t either.
4. She didn’t
see anyone she knew, and neither did Tim.
5. The Yankees
couldn’t play due to the bad weather, and neither could the Angels.
6. Mary can’t
type well, and her sister can’t either.
7. I’m not
interested in reading that book, and neither is she.
8. They won’t
have to work on weekends, and we won’t either.
9. I can’t
stand listening to that music, and she can’t either.
10. Michael
doesn’t speak English, and his family doesn’t either.
11. That
scientist isn’t too happy with the project, and neither are her supervisors.
12. We can’t
study in the library, and they can’t either.
13. I haven’t
worked there long, and neither have you.
14. You didn’t
pay the rent, and she didn’t either.
15. They didn’t
want anything to drink, and neither did we.
16. John
shouldn’t run so fast, and neither should you.
17. The students
won’t accept the dean’s decision, and the faculty won’t either.
18. Your class
hasn’t begun yet, and neither has mine.
19. She
couldn’t attend the lecture, and her sister couldn’t either.
20. He didn’t
know the answer, and neither did I.
Reference: Cliffs,
Test of English as a Foreign Language Preparation Guide.1991.
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